What is hypertriglyceridemia?
In recent years, with changes in lifestyle and adjustments in dietary structure, hypertriglyceridemia has gradually become a health issue of public concern. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed introduction to the definition, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures of hypertriglyceridemia, and provide structured data for easy understanding.
1. Definition of hypertriglyceridemia
Hypertriglyceridemia refers to a metabolic disease in which triglyceride (TG) levels in the blood are abnormally elevated. Triglycerides are one of the main forms of energy storage in the human body, but excessive triglyceride levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, pancreatitis, etc.
| Triglyceride level (mg/dL) | Classification |
|---|---|
| <150 | normal |
| 150-199 | critical rise |
| 200-499 | rise |
| ≥500 | Severely elevated |
2. Causes of hypertriglyceridemia
The causes of hypertriglyceridemia are diverse, mainly including genetic factors and acquired factors. The following are common causes:
| Cause type | specific reasons |
|---|---|
| genetic factors | Familial hypertriglyceridemia, familial mixed hyperlipidemia, etc. |
| Acquired factors | Unhealthy diet (high sugar, high fat), lack of exercise, obesity, diabetes, excessive drinking, certain drugs (such as hormone drugs) |
3. Symptoms of hypertriglyceridemia
Hypertriglyceridemia usually has no obvious symptoms in the early stages, but as the disease progresses, the following symptoms may appear:
1.xanthomas: Yellow fat deposits appear on the skin or tendons.
2.stomach ache: Severe hypertriglyceridemia may cause pancreatitis, leading to severe abdominal pain.
3.cardiovascular symptoms: Such as chest pain, dyspnea, etc., related to atherosclerosis.
4. Diagnosis of hypertriglyceridemia
Diagnosing hypertriglyceridemia relies primarily on blood tests. The following are common diagnostic criteria:
| Test items | normal range | Exception range |
|---|---|---|
| Triglycerides (TG) | <150 mg/dL | ≥150 mg/dL |
| Total cholesterol (TC) | <200 mg/dL | ≥200 mg/dL |
5. Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia
Treatment of hypertriglyceridemia requires a combination of lifestyle modification and medication:
1.lifestyle adjustments:
- Diet: Reduce the intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods and increase dietary fiber.
- Exercise: At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption: Avoid excessive drinking and smoking.
2.drug treatment:
- Fibrates: such as fenofibrate, mainly used to lower triglycerides.
- Statins: such as atorvastatin, suitable for patients with high cholesterol.
6. Prevention of hypertriglyceridemia
The key to preventing hypertriglyceridemia lies in developing a healthy lifestyle:
| Precautions | Specific methods |
|---|---|
| healthy eating | Reduce saturated fat and trans fat intake and eat more fruits and vegetables |
| regular exercise | Do aerobic exercise at least 3-5 times a week |
| control weight | Keep your BMI between 18.5-24.9 |
| Regular physical examination | Check blood lipid levels at least once a year |
7. Conclusion
Hypertriglyceridemia is a common metabolic disease that is closely associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Hypertriglyceridemia can be effectively prevented and controlled through a healthy lifestyle, a reasonable diet, and appropriate exercise. If you have relevant symptoms or a family history, it is recommended to seek medical advice promptly and monitor blood lipid levels regularly.
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