What foods can easily cause stones? ——Inventory of 10 high-risk foods
Stones are a common urinary system disease and are closely related to diet. Based on the health topic discussions on the Internet in the past 10 days, we have compiled the following list of high-risk foods that can easily induce stones and provide scientific advice.
1. Mechanism of stone formation
Stones are mainly divided intoCalcium salt stones (calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate),uric acid stonesandcystine stones. 80% of them are calcium oxalate stones, which are directly related to excessive intake of high oxalate and high purine foods.
| Stone type | Main causes | Proportion |
|---|---|---|
| calcium oxalate stones | High oxalate diet, abnormal calcium metabolism | 60-80% |
| uric acid stones | High purine diet, acidification of urine | 10-15% |
| calcium phosphate stones | Urinary tract infection, alkaline urine | 5-10% |
2. List of top 10 high-risk foods
| food category | represents food | risk component | average daily safety amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| High oxalate vegetables | Spinach, amaranth, beet greens | Oxalic acid | ≤100g (raw weight) |
| Nuts | Almonds, cashews, peanuts | Oxalic acid + phytic acid | ≤30g |
| animal offal | Pork liver, chicken gizzards, brains | Purine | ≤50g/time (≤2 times per week) |
| seafood | Hairtail, sardines, scallops | Purine | ≤100g/time |
| strong tea | Black tea, Pu'er | Oxalic acid + theophylline | ≤500ml/day |
| Carbonated drinks | Coke, Sprite | Phosphoric acid | ≤200ml/day |
| Processed meat products | sausage, bacon | Nitrite + Phosphate | ≤50g/day |
| High salt food | Pickles, sauces | sodium chloride | Salt ≤5g/day |
| Soy products | Tofu, soy milk | Oxalic acid + purine | ≤150g/day |
| chocolate | dark chocolate | Oxalic acid + theobromine | ≤20g/day |
3. Scientific dietary advice
1.Calcium oxalate stone patients: Blanching can remove 30-50% of oxalic acid from vegetables. It is recommended to mix it with calcium-rich foods (such as milk) to form insoluble calcium oxalate and excrete it.
2.Patients with uric acid stones: Limit purine intake, drink ≥2000ml of water every day, and keep urine pH at 6.2-6.8
3.General principles: Daily sodium intake ≤2g, vitamin B6 can reduce oxalic acid production, citrate can inhibit stone formation
4. Warnings on recent hot search cases
1. A man in Zhejiang drank 3 cups of strong tea + a lot of nuts a day and developed a 1.2cm kidney stone within half a year.
2. The popular Douyin video "Hot pot with offal for a week" triggers acute gouty stone attack
3. Popular science from Dr. Dingxiang: Carbonated drinks increase the incidence of stones in children by 40%
5. Golden Rules for Preventing Stones
• Drink 1500-2000ml of water (about 8 cups) daily
• Maintain dietary calcium intake of 800-1000mg/day
• Exercise ≥150 minutes per week
• Annual urinary system B-ultrasound examination
Note: For those with a history of stones, it is recommended to regularly test 24-hour urinary calcium and urinary oxalic acid excretion, and formulate a personalized diet plan.
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